Which term is used to refer to the loss of signal power over a fiber’s length due to various factors?

The term that describes the loss of signal power over the length of a fiber optic cable is "attenuation." This phenomenon occurs due to several factors, including scattering and absorption of the signal as it travels through the fiber material. In essence, as the distance increases, the signal weakens, which can impact the overall performance and quality of the transmission.

Attenuation is a critical parameter in fiber optic communication that engineers and technicians need to consider when designing and implementing systems to ensure that signals maintain integrity over longer distances. The measurement of attenuation is commonly expressed in decibels (dB) per kilometer.

Understanding attenuation is essential for ensuring effective fiber optic installations, as high levels of attenuation can lead to signal degradation and communication errors. This knowledge helps in selecting appropriate cable types and lengths for specific applications, ensuring reliable performance in audio-visual systems and other communications.