Which type of address is manually configured and does not change?

A static IP address is manually configured and is designed to remain constant. When a device is assigned a static IP address, it does not change over time, making it easier to manage devices on a network, particularly for servers, printers, and other devices that need a consistent address for reliable communication. This stability is crucial for services that require reliable connections, like web servers or email servers, where the inability to change addresses alleviates issues related to network discovery and routing.

In contrast, a dynamic IP address is assigned by a DHCP server and can change over time, which is not suitable for devices that need to maintain a consistent address. Public and private IP addresses refer to the scope and usage of the address rather than the method of assignment. Public IP addresses are routable on the internet, while private IP addresses are used within a local network. Both can be either static or dynamic, highlighting that the determining factor for the correct answer is the manual configuration and permanence of the static IP address.